Reduction of the absorption loss in the head via a metamaterial inspired Z antenna

A Z element located in the Reactive Near Field (RNF) of an electrically small antenna is used in order to reduce the absorption loss in the head and the mismatch loss due to the user's body. The simulations are performed at both 2.45 GHz and 1.8 GHz. The results show always an improvement, up to 2.3 dB. Two hand grips have been investigated - soft and firm grip styles and the user's head has been simulated with the Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin (SAM).