Sustainability and resilience of electric energy supply in urban environment

The present distribution system is a passive radial system, which is protected by relays and operated by a SCADA system. This kind of radial system is not reliable in the face of exogenous and endogenous risks. Also, primary energy sources will be driven to the end in near future. Thus, sustainable as well as resilient electric energy supply becomes a pre-requisite for continuing urban growth. This paper introduced the concept of sustainability and resilience of electric energy supply, and methodology of engineering a better power infrastructure to improve urban sustainability and resilience.