Mobile Sink based Routing Protocol (MSRP) for Prolonging Network Lifetime in Clustered Wireless Sensor Network

In WSN, sensors near the sink have to relay the data of the nodes away from the sink and as a result they drain their energy very quickly. It result in network partitioning and can significantly limit the network lifetime. This problem is termed as hotspot problem. Recently, formation of hot spot or energy hole near the sink has emerged as a critical issue for data gathering in WSN. In this paper, we address hotspot problem and purposed Mobile Sink based Routing Protocol (MSRP) for Prolonging Network Lifetime in Clustered Wireless Sensor Network. In MSRP, mobile sink moves in the clustered WSN to collect sensed data from the CHs within its vicinity. During data gathering mobile sink also maintains information about the residual energy of the CHs. Mobile sink based on the residual energy of CHs move to the CHs having higher energy. Consequently, the hotspot problem is minimized as the immediate neighbor of the sink is high energy node and it changes because of regular sink movement. It results in a balanced use of WSN energy and improves network life time. To evaluate the performance of the proposed strategy intensive simulation are carried out using OMNet-4.0. Performance of the proposed strategy is compared to the static sink and multiple sinks strategies, using metrics such as energy per packet, and throughput. The simulation results demonstrate that MSRP is effective in prolonging the network lifetime as well as in improving throughput than static sink and multiple sink strategies.