A Watermarking Scheme Using Polyline and Polygon Characteristic of Shapefile

This paper presented the watermarking scheme for copyright of GIS vector map based on ESRI shape file. The watermarking scheme mainly uses polyline length or polygon perimeter distribution. We embed a watermark bit to the local mean length/perimeter of a suitable group of polyline/polygon data by changing all coordinates of vertices according to the constraint of the robustness and the invisibility. Experimental results verified that the proposed scheme has the robustness against various geometric attacks.