Distributed interference control in OFDMA-based femtocells

This paper proposes a decentralized interference control scheme for an OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) cellular scenario where multiple macrocells and femtocells are deployed. In particular, we model the distributed resource allocation problem by means of a potential game, which is demonstrated to converge to a unique and pure Nash equilibrum. In this game, the femto base stations are the players, their actions are the resource blocks and the corresponding power levels to be allocated for downlink transmission, and the utility is designed to guarantee coexistence with the macro system, guaranteeing a fair tradeoff between femto and macro systems' performances. To do that, the utility function does not only consider the capacity of the femtocells, but also the different sources of inter-system interference: macrocell to femtocell, femtocell to femtocell, and femtocell to macrocell. The game is solved by applying a better response dynamic, which first selects the best resource blocks allocation policy for the femtousers, and then selects the most appropriate power levels for each resource block, through the solution of the corresponding convex optimization problem. Simulation results show that the introduction of femtocells in the scenario increases the total system capacity, and that the considered utility function provides an improvement in macro system performance of up to 40%, while reducing the femto capacity only up to 7%, with respect to the well known iterative waterfilling game.