Decision model and algorithm of distribution outsourcing of distribution centre from perspective of economical distribution—An expanded study on VRP

The paper expanded study on traditional VRP by introducing the concepts of economical distribution area and distribution outsourcing according to actual distribution demand, and established decision models of distribution outsourcing from the perspective of economical distribution. It provided a dynamic particle swarm optimization algorithm based on subgroup collaboration for solving the models. Finally, the paper testified effectiveness of the models and its solution algorithm with experiment of calculation examples.