Research on Solving Laser Beam Quality Factor M^2 with Normal Equations

In this paper, the method for solving laser beam quality factor M² with normal equations is studied, and the numerical algorithm of solving the normal equations (NE) with triangular decomposition is presented at the same time. The normal equations method for solving laser beam quality factor M² is consistent with singular value decomposition (SVD) method, but the first one is faster and more accurate. These are all verified by experiments.