Wireless ultra-wide-band (UWB) communications: Technology, regulation, standardization, and application areas

UWB potentially fertilizes an enormous economic development, combining innovative radio technology with advanced methods such as cognitive radio (CR), location and tracking (LT) and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna concepts, also, introducing advanced applications. In this tutorial, recent UWB advances are illustrated, setting out from the EUWB project and the results from the WALTER project. Besides CR and detect and avoid (DAA) schemes, cooperative relay networking, combining MIMO with network coding, and LT schemes are considered. Furthermore, IEEE 802.15.4a low data rate (LDR) and ECMA-368/369 high data rate (HDR) platforms are illustrated. Finally, application environments are discussed and regulation and standardization are highlighted.