Development of a Point-of-Care Testing Platform With a Nanogap-Embedded Separated Double-Gate Field Effect Transistor Array and Its Readout System for Detection of Avian Influenza

Label-free electrical detection of avian influenza (AI) is demonstrated for the development of a point-of-care testing (POCT) platform. For a new POCT platform, a novel field effect transistor (FET)-based biosensor array was fabricated with conventional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Nanogap-embedded separated double-gate FETs (nanogap-DGFETs) were realized in a 6
$\,\times\,$
6 array as a biosensor cartridge. Moreover, the low-noise readout circuit was designed and fabricated using a 0.35-
$\mu$
m standard CMOS process. The AI antigen and antibody were bound with the aid of silica-binding proteins (SBP) in the nanogap of the biosensor device. Because the gate dielectric constant was increased by the immobilized biomolecules, the threshold voltage of the nanogap-DGFET was reduced while the drain-to-source current was enhanced. Drain-to-source currents of the nanogap-DGFET array were successfully acquired using the fabricated readout circuitry and measurement setup. This platform is suitable for a simple and effective label-free detection of AI in POCT applications.