EMC and wireless healthcare

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is a critical part of addressing the risks related to the effects of electromagnetic interference (EMI) on active medical devices exposed to emissions from wireless technology. In addition, for wireless technology in healthcare to be safe, effective, reliable, and secure specific wireless issues must also be addressed including quality of service, coexistence with other wireless equipment, data integrity, and wireless security. Unfortunately, these issues pose risks that are poorly addressed in present medical devices standards or other consensus documents. This paper discusses risks for wireless technology in healthcare with examples from research examining the effects of emissions from wireless technology such as RFID on implantable cardiac pacemakers and defibrillators and EMC with other emitters. The paper goes into ways that the risks, including EMI, can be addressed and makes the case for substantive engagement by stakeholders, including the IT community, wireless developers, and clinical organizations. There is clear need to develop unbiased, consensus information and tools that will set the pathways and tools needed to meet the risks and challenges for widespread incorporation of wireless technology in healthcare.