Semi-Blind Gradient-Newton CMA and SDD Algorithm for MIMO Space-Time Equalisation

Semi-blind space-time equalisation is considered for dispersive multiple-input multiple-output systems that employ high-throughput quadrature amplitude modulation signalling. A minimum number of training symbols, approximately equal to the dimension of the space-time equaliser (STE), are first utilised to provide a rough initial least squares estimate of the STE's weight vector. A gradient-Newton-type concurrent constant modulus algorithm and soft decision-directed scheme is then applied to adapt the STE. The proposed semi-blind adaptive STE is capable of converging fast and accurately to the optimal minimum mean square error STE solution.