Current conveyor-based square-wave generator with tunable grounded resistor/capacitor

This paper describes a square-wave generator based on positive second generation current conveyors (CCII+-s). The circuit uses three positive second generation current conveyors, six resistors and one capacitor. The square-wave generator frequency can be adjusted independently with either resistor R or capacitor C. The circuit was built with commercially available current feedback operational amplifiers (AD 844 AN) and passive components used externally and tested for waveform generation and tunability. The measured results included in the paper show good linear variation of frequency over the range from 50 Hz to 400 kHz. The square waveform generator is suitable for VLSI realization.