A parylene bellows electrochemical actuator for intraocular drug delivery

The first electrochemical actuator with a parylene bellows for intraocular drug delivery is presented in which the bellows separates the electrolysis actuation chamber from the drug reservoir. The parylene bellows was fabricated using a novel polyethylene glycol (PEG)-molding process and mechanically characterized. Optimization of the gas generation efficiency of the actuators was performed. We achieved an efficiency approaching 80% and over 1.5 mm deflection with our actuator. Wireless operation was also demonstrated.