Design and implementation of a beam scanning reconfigurable antenna

In this paper, a reconfigurable antenna which operates at ISM band has been proposed, which is based on EBG materials. The antenna scans the elevation plane with a 90 degree step. The antenna is formed of an omnidirectional feeding element surrounding by two layers of EBG surfaces in four sides. The reconfigurability in the proposed antenna is achieved by using diodes in the EBG surfaces. Switching the diode creates a defect in the EBG surfaces which changes the functionality of EBG surfaces from stop band to pass band. The antenna radiates in the direction that the EBG surface in that direction has OFF diodes. The antenna has been fabricated and the experimental results have also been reported. The antenna has been fabricated and the experimental results show a good performance in terms of directivity.