The challenges of technologies for fuel cell and its application on vehicles

Fuel cell vehicles have a high potential to reduce both energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. Hydrogen storage is the key technology towards the hydrogen society. However, the low density limits the amount of hydrogen stored on board and also prevents wide penetration of fuel cells. This paper provides an up-to-date review of fuel cell technology and application. A description of fuel cell operating principles is followed by a comparative analysis of the current fuel cell technology. Appropriate applications for current and perceived potential advances of fuel cell technology are discussed, and the latest system development is described.