Some Modern Techniques in Ocean Cable Telegraphy

Transmission on long nonloaded submarine telegraph cables has been improved by application of efficient signal-shaping amplifiers, replacing electromechanical types of receiving equipment; also by duplex balances of greater accuracy through use of new artificial line networks and new methods of balancing. With these improvements it became practicable to change from cable code recorder operation to printer operation and at the same time to obtain higher quality of transmission at increased speeds.