A smart card to create electronic signatures

The purpose of smart cards is to create personal electronic signatures. The author presents the design of a smart card chip of less than 25-mm/sup 2/ area which consists of a CPU, 4 kBytes of ROM, 128 Bytes of RAM, 8 kBytes of EPROM, electrically programmable ROM, and a 512-bytes modulo math processor cell for creating electronic signatures. Such a smart card is a complete personal cryptographic module which can be easily carried like any credit card. Attention is given to the use of electronic signatures to create counterfeit-proof paper documents such as stock certificates, bank notes, driver licenses, passports, and labels.<>