Grid-Based Energy-Efficient Routing from Multiple Sources to Multiple Mobile Sinks in Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we address the problem of packet transmission from multiple sources to multiple mobile sinks in the large-scale sensor network. Each mobile sink needs to periodically update its location information into the sensor network. Due to multiple mobile sinks, frequent location updates are needed and this causes enormous consumption of the limited battery power in the sensor node. Several routing protocols, such as TTDD and SEAD, suggest hierarchical approach for supporting mobile sinks. These approaches, however, build the grid structure or the tree per event which causes much power consumption as well, so they are not suitable for the sensor network where the event frequently happens. To effectively send the data to multiple mobile sinks and minimize the battery power consumption of sensors, we propose a grid-based energy-efficient routing protocol(GBEER) which makes only one grid structure independent of the event. We adopt a Grid-Quorum solution to effectively advertise and request the data for mobile sinks. Simulation results show that GBEER outperforms TTDD in terms of total energy consumption with variation of the number of sinks and sources and mobile sinks' speeds.