Design of Spring Coupling for High-$Q$ High-Frequency MEMS Filters for Wireless Applications

A second-order microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) filter with high selectivity and sharp rolloff is required in wireless transceivers used in dense wireless sensor networks (WSNs). These sensors are expected to replace existing wired sensors used in industrial-plant management and environmental monitoring. These filters, together with MEMS-based oscillators and mixers, are expected to replace off-chip components and enable the development of a single-chip transceiver. Such a transceiver will leverage the integrated MEMS components' characteristics to operate at lower power and, hence, longer battery life, making autonomous WSNs more feasible in a wider range of applications. As a result, this paper presents the design and optimization of the coupling beam of wineglass-mode micromechanical disk filters using simulated annealing. The filter under consideration consists of two identical wineglass-mode disk resonators, mechanically coupled by a flexural-mode beam. The coupled two-resonator system exhibits two mechanical-resonance modes with closely spaced frequencies that define the filter passband. A constraint is added on the beam length to eliminate the effect of the coupling-beam mass on the filter's resonant frequency. A new process flow is proposed to realize self-aligned overhanging coupling beams designed in this paper.