A cluster based minimum battery cost AODV routing using multipath route for zigbee

IEEE 802.15.4 standard is uniquely designed for low data rate wireless personal area networks (LR-WPANs). The IEEE 802.15.4 targets the applications such as industrial, agricultural, vehicular, residential, medical sensors and actuators which have more relaxed throughput requirements. ZigBee is a wireless technology based on IEEE 802.15.4. ZigBee routing uses ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol. In this paper we present an improved version of AODV called multipath energy aware AODV routing (ME-AODV), which utilizes the topology of network to divide it into one or more logical clusters and restricts the flooding of route request outside the cluster. The mesh links created at the time of cluster formation are used to decrease the routing path. ME-AODV uses nodes of the same cluster to share routing information, which significantly reduces the route path discovery. Since ZigBee routing is based on shortest-hop count, which causes overuse of a small set of nodes hence decreasing node as well as network lifetime. We also propose a mix of ad hoc on-demand multipath distance vector routing (AOMDV) and minimal-battery cost routing (MBCR) as an extension to AODV to increase the lifetime of network. The simulations have been performed using IEEE 802.15.4, ns-2 module.