Study on evolutionary stable strategy of ports

The co-opetition relationship of ports is complex. In order to analyze the relationship among ports, we apply evolutionary game method to deduce long-term development trend of the relationship among ports based on Hotelling model. Research indicates under different constraint conditions, that the long-term equilibriums of ports system are competition or co-operation. However there is still a long-term co-opetition relationship among ports. With information guideline mechanism, the initial situation influences equilibrium point the ports converge at. And the path chosen and developed state are closely related to ports' service levels, ports' locations, land freight rate etc.