Landmark based augmented reality endoscope system for sinus and skull-base surgeries

Endoscopic video stream during sinus and skull base surgeries can be augmented with the preoperatively chosen landmark to provide effective navigation for the operating surgeon. Currently available systems try to augment with CT or MR image slices. This will be of not much help since there is too much information overlaid. We have developed a simplified landmark based Augmented Reality (AR) system for endoscopic sinus/skull-base surgeries. Results are presented from the experiments with plastic skull and cadaver specimen. Subjective evaluation from a experienced surgeon confirms the effectiveness of the system.