A hybrid condenser model for applications in steam ejector air-conditioning systems

In this paper, a simple, yet accurate hybrid modeling technique for condensers is presented. The method starts with fundamental physical principles but captures only few key operational characteristic parameters to predict the system performances. The advantages of the methods lie that linear or non-linear least squares methods can be used to determine those key operational characteristic parameters and can accurately predict performance in wide operating range and in real-time, which can significantly reduce the computational burden and increase the prediction accuracy. The model is verified with the experimental data taken from a testing system in a wide range of operating conditions. The testing results show that the proposed model can predict accurately the performance of the real-time operating condenser with the maximum error of ±10%. The developed models will have wide applications not only in optimization, but also in performance assessment and fault detection and diagnosis.