A 24-GHz full-360° CMOS reflection-type phase shifter MMIC with low loss-variation

A 24-GHz bi-directional CMOS reflection-type phase shifter (RTPS) with full 360° phase tuning range and minimal insertion-loss variation is presented. Two circuit enhancement techniques are employed: the broadside-coupled transformer-based hybrid and the π-type resonated varactor load. The implemented 0.18-μm CMOS RTPS demonstrates a measured phase shift range of 360° with small insertion-loss variation of ±1.2 dB at 24 GHz. The chip is 0.33 mm² in area and it consumes zero DC power.