A survey of direct torque control schemes for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives

Direct torque control (DTC) schemes have drawn strong interest recently for motor drives because of their advantages such as simplicity, good dynamic performance and insensitivity to motor parameters. Numerous attempts have been carried out to improve the basic DTC scheme mainly focusing on power electronics, flux and torque observers and DTC controllers. Many new schemes have been successfully developed and applied for not only induction motors but also permanent magnet synchronous motors. This paper aims to review these DTC schemes and their performances in motor drives with a special focus on the controller design methods.