Characteristics of nanosilicon ballistic cold cathode in liquids as an active electrode

This paper reports a concept of the ballistic emitter operation for its possible use in liquids. The nc-Si cold cathodes were fabricated on n-type Si wafers or polycrystalline Si films. It is concluded that the ballistic emitter provides useful means not only for hydrogen generation, but also for control of pH values, redox potentials, and electrochemical activity of solutions including biological media.