Experimental Validation of Power Mechanism for Load Balancing Using Variable Susceptances in Three Phase Four Wire Distribution Networks

Balancing active and reactive load in a four wire three-phase network is possible by asymmetrical transversal reactive compensation. Balancing load between the network phases presume zero and negative sequence current exclusion from the load current. The compensator will contains inductances and capacitances and it will be compose by two three-phase circuits, one in delta connection and the other in wye connection with linkage to the network neutral. For dimensioning the compensator we can apply one of many criterions. Balancing in real time requirement lead to obtain ABC (adaptive balancing compensator) or DLB (dynamic load balancer) devices, which are FACTS (Flexible Alternative Current Transmission Systems) devices. The paper explains the energetic mechanism of balancing load by transversal reactive power compensation using the phase components computation, corresponding to the fundamental voltage and current waves. It shows that the balancing is realized by redistribution of active and reactive power between the network phases. The mathematical model is valid also in case of compensators which contains variable susceptances that cause a pronounced nonsinusoidal regime for currents, fact proven by experimental determinations. The paper presents also the results of theses experiments.