Recent Developments in High Charge State Heavy Ion Beams at the LBL 88-Inch Cyclotron

Recent advances in design and operation of the internal PIG sources at the LBL 88-Inch Cyclotron have led to the development of high charge state (0.4 ≾ Q/A ≾ 0.5) heavy ion beams between lithium and neon with energies 20 ≾ E/ A ≾ 32 MeV ger nucleon, including fully stripped ions up to l6o8+. Total external intensities of these beams range from 1012 particles/s for 6Li3+ to 0.1 particles/s for 16o8+. Techniques have been developed for routine tune-out of the low intensity beams. These include use of model beams and reliance on the large systematic data base of cyclotron parameters which has been developed over many years of operation. Techniques for delivery of these weak beams to the experimental target areas are presented. Source design and operation, including special problems associated with Li, Be and B beams, are discussed.