Mathematical Development, Investigation and Simulation of a New Quadratic Voltage Index

A new quadratic voltage index based on power flow equations is proposed in this paper. The index supervises the power quality of a system, through predicting voltage sags. The voltage sag is caused by an increase in reactive demand due to induction motor starting. The index has been tested for a range of X/R ratios and various loading levels. Mathematical and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed index for the applications