I&C modernization for VVER reactors

The functional and physical, design of the distributed microprocessor based protection, control, and plant information systems to be used in Czechoslovakia for the modernization of the Temelin units (VVER-1000) is described. The modernization incorporates not only new hardware, but also a new functional design based on a safety analysis performed to western standards. The new systems will reduce the maintenance requirements and costs and provide such enhancements as online testability and automated surveillance testing. The technology is directly applicable both to new reactor designs under construction and to retrofits for older reactors.<>