A torque on connectors

The author briefly outlines some problems associated with replacing soldered phase conductor connections and terminations by mechanical bolt or shear bolt connectors. The comments are concerned mainly with the problems, and solutions, of replacing soldered connections at 11 and 33 kV, and cover oil impregnated paper insulated stranded conductors (both shaped and circular), polymeric insulated circular compacted stranded conductors and polymeric insulated solid aluminium conductors (circular and shaped). The target is to match the performance of the soldered sweated connection.<>