Interfacing distribution automation and system protection

The author discusses the issues involved with the interfacing of distribution automation (DA) equipment and the normal distribution system protection equipment. Distribution automation involves many different forms of automating the operating of a distribution system. Most utilize microprocessor-based equipment which have software and the necessary hardware interfaces to implement operating decisions. Some of the details of these hardware interfaces and the philosophy behind these interfaces are considered. Practical aspects of interfacing DA equipment to specific protection requirements are discussed.<>