New boundary integral equation for waveguides with arbitrary cross-section embedded in a multilayered dielectric

The authors present a boundary integral equation to perform the full-wave analysis of coupled waveguides with arbitrary cross-section embedded in a general multilayered medium. The aim is to analyze the full range from dielectric waveguides via lossy conductors to perfectly conducting conductors. A domain integral equation has been shown to be well suited for waveguides with graded-index profiles. However, for lossy conductors, with homogeneous properties over their cross section, a boundary integral equation is preferable, due to the smaller number of unknowns.<>