Singing synthesis with an evolved physical model

A two-dimensional physical model of the human vocal tract is described. Such a system promises increased realism and control in the synthesis of both speech and singing. However, the parameters describing the shape of the vocal tract while in use are not easily obtained, even using medical imaging techniques, so instead a genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to the model to find an appropriate configuration. Realistic sounds are produced by this method. Analysis of these, and the reliability of the technique (convergence properties) is provided.