Analysis and design of Makowski charge-pump cell

In designing a charge pump cell, selection of switching frequency and component sizes is usually a problem. There have been some discussions about Dickson charge pump and most of them considered the frequency and component sizes respectively. In this paper, a new and generalized method for the analysis and design of Makowski charge pump is presented. Switching frequency and component sizes are considered as a whole. Voltage loss and power loss are presented in detail. Conduction and switching losses are evaluated to achieve design optimization in terms of switching frequency and component sizes. Practical designs and simulations are performed to prove the validity and accuracy of the theoretical analysis and optimization. It shows that the switching frequency and the component sizes obtained from the analysis give us near-optimal power efficiency. A 6 or 8 times Makowski charge pump cell is also designed based on our theory.