High-directivity patch antenna with both perfect magnetic conductor substrate and photonic bandgap cover

A new patch antenna system, which has both a perfect magnetic conductor (PMC) substrate and a photonic bandgap (PBG) cover is introduced. The impedance, radiation pattern, and directivity of such an antenna are studied. The numerical results show that the directivity of the patch antenna is improved dramatically in the presence of the PMC structure and the PBG cover. The physical reasons for the improvement are also given.