Ad hoc networking towards 4G: challenges and QoS solutions

Ad hoc networks are infrastructureless networks formed on-the-fly with limited life of existence. Even though they were primarily designed for military communications usage, ad hoc networks are now envisioned as cornerstones of future generation networking technologies (B3G and 4G). This paper gives a state-of-the-art survey on ad hoc networks and proposes some solutions for ad hoc networks convergence towards 4G.