Novel filter design using synthetic elements with immittance converters

The principles of the design of filters with a synthetic element of higher-order immittance function are given. Also, the design of a higher-order synthetic immittance element with gyrator is described. The block diagram of a gyrator with higher-order gyration admittance is shown. Lowpass, bandpass, highpass and notch filters with gyrators with higher-order gyration admittance are designed. PSpice simulation of the second-order Butterworth filters is included.