Adaptive image watermarking based on a dynamic fuzzy inference system

In this paper, a novel image watermarking algorithm is introduced that consists of an adaptive watermarking algorithm based on the human visual system (HVS) model and a dynamic fuzzy inference system (DFIS). This scheme relies on the DFIS to extract the human eye sensitivity knowledge using the HVS model. The DFIS and the HVS combined are used to adjust and select the appropriate watermark strength for each pixel in an image. The main goal of the algorithm is to provide a more robust and imperceptible watermark. The aforementioned has been implemented and tested under various attacks including image compression, cropping, and additive noise distortion. The results achieved demonstrate that the watermark can survive these attacks while remaining imperceptible. The primary contribution of this adaptive watermarking scheme is introducing the DFIS to extract with good precision the image characteristics by means of the HVS model.