Reduction of grain size of Co/Pd multilayered media on Pd seeds with controlled morphology by electrochemical process

To reduce the grain size and magnetic domains of multilayered media Co/Pd on Pd seeds, the morphology of the Pd clusters was controlled by applying a pretreatment with SnCl/sub 2/ solution. Furthermore, the Pd treatment was applied to an electroless CoNiFeB soft magnetic underlayer (SUL) aiming to develop a total electrochemical preparation process of seedlayer and SUL on a disk substrate.