Influence of transformer configuration on measurement placement in harmonic state estimation

Identification of the location and magnitude of harmonic sources in an electric power system through the use of limited number of measurement can be achieved via harmonic state estimation. Measurement location greatly influences the region of observability and measurement cost. However, finding the optimal measurement location via exhaustive search is difficult due to the size of the problem. This paper focuses on the effect of transformer winding configuration on measurement placement and its influence towards the overall system observability. Singular value decomposition technique is used for the harmonic state estimation and the observable region of a partially observable system is determined by looking at the positions of non-zero entries in the null space vector of the measurement matrix.