Ladder design for a transistorized phase-shift oscillator

A transistorized phase-shift oscillator is analyzed with the input resistance and output admittance of the transistor considered as load resistance and source admittance, respectively, for the RC ladder. The values of R and C for minimum feedback attenuation are derived as a function of the transistor parameters. It is shown that in idealized cases, the results are the same for vacuum tubes and transistors, but in real cases the best RC values will differ between the two.