Highly imperceptible video watermarking with the Watson's DCT-based visual model

Digital watermarking plays an important role in copyright protection, content authentication, and annotation of digital multimedia. To embed a watermark quickly, we embed the watermark in the compressed domain instead of the frequency domain. For high imperceptibility, a new video watermarking, based on the human visual system (HVS), is proposed. It embeds the watermark in the block that is highly tolerant of noise. The proposed algorithm directly substitutes the variable length code (VLC) without inverse quantization and forward quantization. It can greatly reduce computational complexity. In the experiment, we apply MPEG-1 video sequences as our test sequence and the results demonstrate the high imperceptibility of the watermark.