Stabilized max-min flow control using PID and PII/sup 2/ controllers

This paper describes an analytical framework for the weighted max-min flow control of elastic flows in packet networks using PID and PII/sup 2/ controllers when flows experience heterogeneous round-trip delays (HRTD). Our algorithms are scalable in that routers do not need to store any per-flow information and they use a simple first come first serve (FCFS) discipline, and stable in that the stability is proven rigorously when there are flows with HRTD. We first suggest two closed-loop system models that approximate our flow control algorithms in the continuous-time domain where the purpose of the first algorithm is to achieve the target queue length and that of the second is to achieve the target utilization. The slow convergence of source rates traversing routers with empty buffers, which is inherent in many flow control algorithms, can be resolved by the second algorithm. Based on these models, we find the conditions for controller gains that stabilize the closed-loop systems when round-trip delays are equal and extend this result to the case of HRTD with the help of the zero exclusion theorem.