The electrifying future of the hybrid automobile

This paper describes the hybrid-electric vehicles (HEVs) and automotive propulsion technologies. The viability of the hybrid-electric concept and electric propulsion as major ways to improve energy efficiency and reduce the automobile's environmental effects and energy consumption has been demonstrated. The principal features are multiple power sources, an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, an energy storage system and an intelligent control system. This paper also discusses the design of the propulsion systems for automobiles and other transportation products, which is undergoing major changes. The development of EVs and HEVs provide a technology bridge to the electric propulsion technologies needed for the fuel cars (fuel cell hybrid vehicle) of the future.