Robust token management for unreliable networks

Token passing can provide efficient medium access control in heavily loaded networks. However, it has been perceived to be too fragile for use in networks with non-negligible packet loss rates. In this paper, we present a novel token management approach that quickly recovers from common token loss and duplication scenarios, and that deals efficiently with changes in network connectivity and membership. This token management scheme was developed for use in military high frequency radio networks, and may also be appropriate for other networks that experience significant packet loss rates and relatively long link turnaround times.