A-cell: a novel multi-hop architecture for 4G and 4G+ wireless networks

In this paper, we envision wireless multi-hopping as a complementary technology to conventional cellular networks. Hybrid wireless networks consisting of mobile base stations are expected to play a vital role in enhancing future cellular communications. However, numerous challenges pertaining to the wireless network and the user equipment are yet to be addressed. We herein utilize multi-hop relaying as overlay architecture for single-hop TDD W-CDMA cellular networks. In our proposed architecture, namely ad hoc-cellular (a-cell) relay, the inherently high node density in cellular networks is used to reduce power consumption, and enhance coverage and throughput. A-cell increases spatial reuse via directive antennas and GPS. We derive an analytical model for a-cell based on multi-dimensional Markov chains. The model is then used to formulate a-cell call blocking. To the author's best knowledge, this is the first time that directive antennas are used as a means to reduce interference, conserve energy and enhance spatial reuse in a multi-hop TDD W-CDMA wireless network.