Improvement of performance in wireless communications systems by using adaptive arrays

Smart antennas is a system consisting of an antenna array and an adaptive processor that can adjust the main lobe and nulls of the radiation diagram. The direction of main beam maximum and the beam width are determined by a pilot signal. The system can reject or attenuate interference signals or noises occurring outside the main lobe. This performance is obtained if the output signals of the elements of the antenna array are properly combined to reduce the interference according to specified directions.