A Review on Vehicle-Grid-Integration Development in South Korea

The uncertainty in demand and supply in the power grid due to the widespread adoption of renewable energy resources is a significant concern. Electric vehicles (EVs) can be utilized as resources to mitigate the concern. However, to apply these resources, it is necessary to verify their suitability, resource potential, and economic impact. Therefore, this study analyzes how EVs can be utilized as resources and proposes a pilot project for operating smart charging (V1G) of EVs in South Korea. This pilot project includes experiments performing V1G in response to Demand Response (DR) signals and surveys to determine EV users’ pReferences for V1G participation. Additionally, an analysis of charging characteristics was conducted because resource potential depends on EV users’ charging behaviors. The experimental results confirmed the technical value of EVs as resources. However, the economic analysis revealed that there is no economic benefit for V1G operators, making V1G implementation difficult under the current system. Finally, meaningful suggestions are provided for the application and activation of EVs as resources.