Design and Simulation Analysis of Charged Particle Beam Coverage Delivery Constrained by the Geomagnetic Dipole Field

The on-orbit emission of high-energy charged particle beams and their long-distance delivery guided by the geomagnetic field holds broad application prospects, including space debris removal, active space exploration, and space defense. However, research on the relevant delivery design and simulation analysis is still lacking. This paper aims to explore technologies for targeted and surface-area delivery of charged particle beams. By constructing a dynamic framework based on the interaction with the geomagnetic dipole field, we introduce a genetic algorithm to determine the optimal delivery parameters. To evaluate the effectiveness of this method, simulations using COMSOL software were conducted on the distribution of a particle beam composed of 1000 charged particles arriving at a target plane. The least squares method was applied to fit the point cloud data into an equivalent circle, with its radius serving as the evaluation criterion. The findings reveal that: 1) Under specified emission positions, adjusting the emission velocity can alter the particle trajectories, yet the reachable target locations are subject to certain limitations; 2) The particle beam delivery can progressively approach the predetermined target, with the closest distance between discrete particle trajectories and the target being merely 6166.58 meters, demonstrating high-precision targeted delivery. Moreover, the dispersion range remains below 15546.20 meters, satisfying the requirement for the equivalent circular radius of particle beam delivery.